The vivid and magnificent "the mechanics of wonder" exhibition item in the Russian pavilion symbolizes the human brain exploration full of infinite possibilities, charm and unknown.
"Three List Universe", cognitive "black hole"
Pascal, a French thinker, once said that "man is a reed that can think". Thinking makes man different from other creatures and machines.
As humans, we can identify galaxies several light-years away. We can study particles smaller than atoms, but we still can't reveal the mystery of three pounds of matter between our ears.
"Three pounds of material between two ears" is our human brain. Therefore, the brain is called "three pounds of universe". Although it is in our body and everyone has it, it is difficult to figure out and fascinating.
Salute "the last frontier of human science"
In the Russian pavilion of the 2020 Dubai World Expo, there is such a beautiful, dreamy, intuitive and magical display device - "the mechanics of wonder".
The "miracle mechanism" exhibition is 7.5m long and 5.5m high
Through multimedia immersive performance technology, the exhibition draws attention to the creative efforts of generations of Russian scientists and engineers and their contributions to promoting world progress. And pay tribute to human brain and brain science at this Expo.
The brain is not only a miracle in the process of biological evolution, but also the most complex object in the universe. Although brain science has made considerable progress with the unremitting efforts of generations of scientists, the current situation of brain science is still equivalent to that of physics and chemistry in the early 20th century.
In today's era, artificial intelligence, Internet, brain science, virtual reality, robotics, biological genes and other fields are integrating with each other, forming a powerful torrent, which is having a great impact on all fields of human society. Among them, brain science is in a very unique position.
Brain science is a science that studies the essence and law of brain cognition, consciousness and intelligence, the essence and law of cognition and intelligence of people, animals and machines, and answers the questions of how the brain works, how intelligence and creativity are produced, and how human beings become sentimental, personalized and social life individuals.
Therefore, brain science is also known as the "Ultimate Frontier" of human understanding of nature and human itself. It is one of the most important frontier sciences in this century. The scientific community even believes that it is not too much to call the neuroscience of human brain "the last frontier of human science".
Countries have laid out brain science research plans one after another
It is precisely because of such a unique position of brain science that brain science and brain like research have become a hot field in the forefront of international science and technology and a major strategic field to be contested by major developed countries in the world. Countries all over the world have launched brain science research plans one after another.
In January 2013, the EU took the lead in announcing that the "human brain project" received 1 billion euros in scientific research funds;
In April 2013, the US government announced the "brain plan", which is expected to invest a total of US $4.5 billion in the next 12 years;
Japan officially launched the "brain research program" in 2014, trying to speed up human brain research from the marmoset brain;
In 2016, China also listed "brain science and brain like research" as one of the major scientific and technological innovation projects and projects in the outline of the 13th five year plan, and the China brain plan was officially launched;
In 2017, "brain science and brain like research", as one of the four pilot projects launched by "science and technology innovation 2030 major project", entered the stage of preparing project implementation plan; Famous Chinese institutions of higher learning such as Tsinghua University and Peking University also recruit special students for brain memory talents to recruit "students with special talents or talents in language, logic, intelligence, memory and Sinology".
How will the development of brain science affect the future world
Some experts believe that brain science research is of far-reaching significance, which is not only related to human health and well-being, but also related to future productivity, and is expected to profoundly change society. So what are the main application areas from which the brain society will affect our lives?
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A brain computer interface
Brain computer interface refers to the direct connection between human or animal brain and external equipment, so as to realize the information exchange between brain and equipment. This will subvert the current way of interpersonal interaction.
Brain computer interface technology is mainly applied to human-computer interaction, such as mind control machine, revolutionary artificial limb (nerve control artificial limb), intelligence test, brain disease diagnosis and cure of some brain tonifying neurological diseases, improve soldiers' high-level interaction ability with weapons and equipment, as well as soldiers' Super Brain and brain control abilities such as super cognition, rapid decision-making and brain control weapons and equipment.
II. Bionic Science
Bionics is a subject that realizes and effectively applies biological functions in engineering, such as information reception (sensory function), information transmission (neural function), automatic control system and so on.
The cross integration of bionics and neuroscience has given birth to many emerging scientific research fields and scientific and technological achievements.
Such as manufacturing a variety of biological bionics, such as bee swarm UAV;
For example, the micro robot for dredging thrombus is about to enter clinical application, and the micro robot capable of killing cancer cells has also been successfully developed.
III. artificial intelligence
Brain science and brain like science (Intelligence) are the basis for the development of artificial intelligence. Global artificial intelligence research is evolving towards machine intelligence, but it still needs large-scale high-quality data samples for more accurate calculation.
Artificial intelligence still lacks advanced cognitive ability and deep learning ability, especially in interpretability, reasoning and drawing inferences from one instance. There is still a huge gap compared with the learning ability of human brain. The gap between the existing algorithms and the expected results urgently requires more in-depth and accurate research on brain science.
In the future, the integration of brain science and artificial intelligence technology will make it possible to establish subversive models and working methods from machine perception and machine learning to machine thinking and machine decision-making.
IV. medical field
At present, brain related diseases, including various neurological and mental diseases, have surpassed cardiovascular diseases and cancer and become the biggest threat to human health.
For example, epilepsy, stroke and autism caused by brain development disorders in infants and young children, depression and mania in young and middle-aged people, neurodegenerative diseases in the elderly, post-traumatic stress syndrome, vegetative state, nerve injury repair, etc.
The rapid development of brain science makes it possible for scientists to develop new therapeutic drugs and strategies.
V. Education
More than 90% of the human brain is dormant. Einstein is regarded as the most intelligent man in the world. Scientists found that only 11% of his brain was used. The potential of the human brain cannot be brought into full play. Therefore, explore and stimulate the potential of the brain, make it operate efficiently, and create more possibilities for learning and work.
In the field of brain science, the theory of inverted U-shaped synaptic growth, the theory of intellectual plasticity, the theory of multiple intelligences and the theory of "emotional intelligence" have stimulated people's reflection on traditional education. On the one hand, the development of brain science promotes the transformation of educational view, educational mode and educational system. On the other hand, the research results of brain science also promote the transformation of educational evaluation system.
The establishment of a new educational evaluation method and evaluation system can not only contribute to the all-round development of students' quality, but also fully tap and develop students' specialties, maintain students' good mentality and enterprising spirit, and prevent, reduce and accurately intervene students' psychological obstacles and mental diseases to the greatest extent.
Vi. military field
The application of brain science in the military field is directly related to national security. Its application in the military field mainly includes four aspects:
Develop brain like military robots to improve military strength and effectively reduce personnel loss in military investment;
Research and develop brain controlled weapons and equipment to control weapons in a more intelligent way;
Clouds control the enemy's brain, disrupt the enemy's brain function, and even counter guide the enemy's military action;
Develop the military intelligence network and brain network, realize the information exchange and control between the brain and the outside world through brain computer interface technology, and open the era of intelligence alliance in which man-machine, everyone, things and people communicate with each other.
Seven kinds of brain chips will become an important development direction of information technology
The rapid development of information technology provides a powerful supporting tool for brain science research. In turn, the progress of brain science will promote the development of related information technology. For example, in recent years, brain like computing has become an important development direction of information technology, and brain like chip based on human brain has gradually become a research hotspot. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a chip architecture based on unconventional computing to make the chip have brain like functions to meet the needs of brain computer fusion of new agents.
The construction of brain like computers is not only conducive to more efficient processing and utilization of massive brain data, so as to better realize brain computer integration, further improve the design and implementation of brain like chips, and develop new agents and robot people with brain like functions based on unconventional computing architecture.
Of course, with the continuous development of brain science, strengthening international cooperation, establishing an innovative cooperation mechanism conducive to the transformation and application of research results, paying attention to data privacy and multi-party data sharing related to human brain and cognition, establishing a regulatory mechanism in line with scientific ethics, and promoting the education and popularization of achievements in the field of brain science will be an important way to promote the healthy development of brain science.
This is also explained by Konstantin Petrov, the creative company of the "miracle mechanism" exhibition: "Science is global. Sometimes, before a breakthrough idea becomes a useful technology, it will travel widely in the world outside its birthplace. This exhibition will make people aware of the creative efforts of generations of Russian scientists and engineers and their contributions to improving the world. It pays tribute to the human brain because the brain Science will enable us to make the most important discoveries in the 21st century. These discoveries will have a profound impact on our consciousness and thought, and will also change our lives. The more we understand how the brain works, the more we will admire it. We will learn to apply the principles of the brain and build it in different areas that humans are trying to explore - from specific technology to social change. "
Source: China Pavilion of the World Expo (photo: Kaka, text: Li Kaixiang. Content source: People's daily, Xinhuanet, yuanzhan think tank, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Institute of neuroscience of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Pu Muming's speech, China HowNet.)
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